Haematological, biochemical and histopathological effects of anticoagulant rodenticides on white mice (Mus musculus var. albus)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Chemistry of Pesticides Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria Univ., Egypt

2 Plant Protection Research Institute, El Sabahia, Egypt

3 Economic Entomol. Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria Univ., Egypt;

10.21608/jpces.2004.459481

Abstract

Three anticoagulant rodenticides (Bromadiolone, Coumachlor and Coumatetralyl) were tested at sublethal doses for their haematological, biochemical and histological effects on white mice (Mus musculus var. albus). Haemoglobin (Hb) content extremely reduced by bromadiolone with effective dose (ED50) value equal 0.9 mg / kg body weight. Haematocrit (Hc) was weakly affected by the tested anticoagulant rodenticides. White blood cells (WBC’s) counts in males mice were extremely reduced by coumatetralyl, coumachlor and bromadiolone with ED50 values equal 0.56, 0.8 and 0.9 mg / kg body weight, respectively; whereas Red blood cells (RBC’s) counts were very sensitive to be reduced with 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 mg / kg body weight by bromadiolone, coumachlor and coumatetralyl, respectively. WBC’s and RBC’s in females mice were also strongly affected by the tested anticoagulants with ED50 values ranged between 1.1 - 4.0 mg / kg body weight. RBC’s of females were more sensitive to the tested compounds than WBC’s. Bromadiolone was strongly effective to elevate the activities of both serum alanine transaminase (s-ALT) and serum aspartate transaminase (s-AST) (at 1.5 and 2.0 mg / kg) and coumachlor against s-ALT (1.0 - 2.0 mg / kg) which produced hepatic necrosis and injury of liver. s-ALT enzyme was also sensitive to coumatetralyl (0.1 - 2.0 mg / kg), whereas coumatetralyl and coumachlor were less effective against s-AST enzyme. Hepatic necrosis, blood vessels destruction and increased lymphocyte cells were seen in liver treated with bromadiolone (0.1 mg / kg) and coumatetralyl (2.0 mg / kg), coumatetralyl and coumachlor at 0.1 mg / kg were less effective in this respect. Coumachlor (0.1 mg / kg), coumatetralyl (0.2 mg / kg) and bromadiolone (0.1 mg / kg) strongly decreased the spermatogenesis and destroyed the seminiferous tubules and sperms, as compared with untreatment.

Keywords

Journal of Pest Control and Environmental Sciences
Volume 12, Issue 1
2004
Pages 95-111

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